Post‐transcriptional regulation of gene expression by mitogen‐activated protein kinase p38

[摘要]

The mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 pathway was originally identified as a signalling cascade activated by pro-inflammatory stimuli and cellular stresses, and playing a critical role in the translational regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis. In almost a decade since this discovery, a great deal has been learned about the role of the p38 pathway in the post-transcriptional regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression. However, important questions remain to be answered concerning the specificity and mechanism or mechanisms of action of p38. This review describes recent progress and remaining puzzles in the field of post-transcriptional regulation by p38.

[学科分类] 生物化学/生物物理

[关键词] Adenosine/uridine rich element;MAPK p38;MAPKAPK-2;mRNA stability;Translation;Inflammation;ARE;adenosine/uridine-rich element;AREBP;ARE binding protein;ASK1;apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1;AUF1;ARE/polu-(U)-binding/degradation factor 1;BCL2;B-cell CLL/lymphoma factor 2;BRF1;butyrate response factor 1;CCL;chemokine (C-C motif) ligand;COX-2;cyclooxygenase 2;CPSF6;cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 6;CXCL;chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand;DAF;decay accelerating factor for complement;DTR;diphtheria toxin receptor;eIF;eukaryotic initiation factor;ERK;extracellular signal-regulated kinase;FGF9;fibroblast growth factor 9;GAD1;glutamate decarboxylase 1;GC;glucocorticoid;GCH1;GTP cyclohydrolase 1;GM-CSF;granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor;GRO;growth related oncogene;hnRNPA0;heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0;hsp27;27 kDa heat shock protein;IL;interleukin;IRF1;interferon regulatory factor 1;JNK;cJun N-terminal kinase;LPS;lipopolysaccharide;MAPK;mitogen-activated protein kinase;MAPKAPK-2;MAPK-activated protein kinase 2;MIP;macrophage inflammatory protein;MCP;monocyte chemotactic protein;MEKK4;MAPK or ERK kinase kinase 4;MKK;MAPK kinase;MKKK;MAPK kinase kinase;MKP-1;MAPK phosphatase 1;MLK2;mixed lineage kinase 2;MMP;matrix metalloproteinase;MNK1;MAPK-interacting kinase 1;MSK1;mitogen- and stress-activated kinase;PABPc1;cytoplasmic poly-(A)-binding protein 1;PMAIP1;phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1;RBM7;RNA-binding motif 7 protein;SOX9;sex determining region Y box 9 transcription factor;TAK1;TGFβ-activated kinase;TGFβ;transforming growth factor β;TIA-1;T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen 1;TIAR;T-cell-restricted intracellular antigen related protein;TNFα;tumour necrosis factor α;TNFAIP3;TNFα induced protein 3;TTP;tristetraprolin;UNG2;uracil-DNA glycosylase 2;UPA;urokinase plasminogen activator;UTR;untranslated region;VCAM-1;vascular cell adhesion molecule 1;VEGF;vascular endothelial growth factor