The needs of HIV positive patients and their families

[摘要] English: HIV infection is a global problem affecting individuals of all racial groups, socioeconomicbackgrounds, cultures, sex and ageThe statistical information available at all governmental levels shows only a tip ofan iceberg, because of the small number of people who present themselves forHIV blood tests. In South Africa, for example projected statistical information atprovincial levels is based on the results of antenatal women attending the publicprimary health care facilities (who volunteered to be tested for HIV)(refer to Figure 1.1).The aim of the study was to identify the needs of HIV positive patients and theirfamilies. A qualitative study was done that captured the unique experiences ofthe interviewed subjects, by tape-recording the unstructured interviews of both theHIV positive individuals and their family members. Purposive sampling was donefrom the attendance register, with the assistance of the primary health care centrepersonnel and specialized Auxiliary Officer at Koffiefontein. Subjects participatedvoluntarily in the research, after signing an informed consent form. The samplecomprised both adult males and females. Saturation. was reached afterinterviewing four patients and three members of their families. Giorgi's method ofdata analysis was used (See Appendix II)Identified needs were classified into themes/constituents and groups usingactivities of daily living as described by Uys (1999). The groups were furthercategorised into major categories according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs.Under the physiological needs, the needs identified included nutrition, sleep, rest,respiration, exercise, water and hygiene. The emotional support, empowermentand financial support form the pillars for the safety and security needs. In the loveand belonging needs category, the communication and self concept needs ofsubjects were identified. The self-esteem and self-actualization needs revealedthe needs for emotional support, understanding and compassion towards the HIVpositive individuals and their families.HIV infection affects not only those who have the virus, but also those whoirrationally fear infection, those who are at risk of being infected (who fearinfection), friends, families, professionals and volunteer care givers, andneighbours of HIV infected individuals alike. The elderly are also included,because this disease affects their children who are economically active.HIV infected individuals are normally taken care of by their relatives during theirfinal stage of the disease (AIDS). On their death the elderly take care of theirchildren. Where there are no relatives the children may be taken to orphanages,hospitals and for foster caring.The disease per se is a multifaceted challenge that needs a multi-disciplinaryapproach from grass roots level to the highest authority in the country to fightagainst its spread (intersectoral collaboration).People living with AIDS and their families need understanding and compassionatecommunity members to support them emotionally, thereby removing the burden ofthe stigma associated with this disease.

[发布机构] University of the Free State