Die ontwikkeling en evaluering van 'n motiveringsprogram vir sportlui

[摘要] English: Sport Psychology is still a relatively young field in South Africa, especially when it comesto development programmes aimed at the development of sportsmen and -women in general, and motivation in specific. The aim of this study is to contribute in this regard to the developinging of a scientifically-based motivation program.Sportsmen and -women's need for high level functioning (physically and psychologically) points to the need for specialised development in the world of sport. It is on this terrain where the (Sport)psychologist can become involved. Through Psychology's endeavour to develop, among other things, the potential of individuals and groups, it is possible to integrate the terms development and sport, enabling sportsmen and -women to function and perform at a higher level. The world of sport is an arena where human development (sportsmen and -women) occurs and provides individuals with the opportunity to stimulate their physical, social and cognitive development. The goal of this study is to enhance the performance of sportsmen and -women within the broader context of motivation. To realise and utilise the potential of sportsmen and-women, as well as reaching goals and the accompanying performance, the factors that influence motivation and aspects of motivation to include in the motivation program, were researched. The broad concept of motivation, the different theories on motivation, concepts related to the enhancement (development) of motivation and the implications thereof, were discussed. The contents of the development programme are based on the cognitive, humanistic, behaviouristic and existential-phenomenological approaches.With Psycho-development and the General Systems theory as point of departure, it was shown that the content of a development programme, and specifically a motivation programme, should focus on the generating of energy between the different systems and subsystems, which can be directed to, and utilised for the successful completion of the cybernetic cycle. Motivation is the natural result of the processes of human development in the broad, and cybernetic functioning in specific. The developmental consultant involves himself on different (systemic) levels, namely individuals, groups, or teams, intergroups, organisations or larger social systems (Kelly, 1981). The Model for Development (Schoeman, 1983) implies that the challenge is to become involved on different levels of complex systems. The developmental consultant is involved in the training of skills, competencies and insights by using different categories of methods. Above mentioned aspects were included in the respective components of the cybernetic, creating a climate leading to the functioning of systems in general, and specifically motivation, on a higher level. The clockwise functioning of the motivation cycle, on which the programme is based, leads to the reaching of set goals, competence motivation (Cox, 1990) and performance motivation. This process implies intrinsic motivation, and motivation in general, on a higher level. This study succeeded in:* providing a framework for the development programme,* applying literature on a motivation programme for rugbyplayers,* and evaluating the program in the sense that it complies, to a great extent, to the criteria the literature dictates.

[发布机构] University of the Free State