A cDNA clone isolated from an Arabidopsis thaliana cell suspension library showed highly significant homology to the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (R2) from different species. The 340 amino acid-long deduced putative protein contains all the residues that are important for the enzyme activity and structure. In A. thaliana this enzyme is encoded by a single-copy gene. In synchronized tobacco BY2 cells the corresponding mRNAs specifically accumulate during the S phase of the cell cycle.