Carbonic anhydrase III (CA III) was identified in the products of rat soleus muscle RNA translation in vitro by both a radioimmunoassay and a specific immunoprecipitation technique followed by SDS—polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of the precipitated antigen. The primary translation product has the same M r-value as the native isoenzyme. CA III mRNA was found to represent ∼0.55% of the total mRNA present in rat soleus muscle.