Molecular basis for the substrate specificity of protein kinase B; comparison with MAPKAP kinase‐1 and p70 S6 kinase

[摘要]

The substrate specificity of protein kinase-Bα (PKBα, also known as RAC kinase or Akt) was investigated using synthetic peptide substrates related to the sequence surrounding the phosphorylation site on glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3). The minimum sequence motif required for efficient phosphorylation was Arg-Xaa-Arg-Yaa-Zaa-Ser/Thr-Hyd, where Xaa is any amino acid, Yaa and Zaa are small residues other than glycine and Hyd is a bulky hydrophobic residue (Phe, Leu). The most effective substrate, Arg-Pro-Arg-Thr-Ser-Ser-Phe, was phosphorylated with a K _m of 5 μM and V_max of 260 U/mg. PKBα phosphorylated histone H2B (K _m 5 μM, V _max 68 Ulmg) specifically at Ser-36 which also lies in an Arg-Xaa-Arg-Xaa-Xaa-Ser-Hyd motif. The peptide Arg-Pro-Arg-Ala-Ala-Thr-Phe may be a relatively specific substrate for PKBα because, unlike other substrates, it is not phosphorylated by p70 S6 kinase or MAP kinase activated protein (MAPKAP) kinase-1.

[学科分类] 生物化学/生物物理

[关键词] Protein kinase B;Akt or RAC kinase;Insulin;PI 3-kinase;Kinase specificity;Kinase substrate;S6 kinase;PKB;protein kinase B;PI 3-kinase;phosphonositide 3-kinase;MAPKAP-kinase-1;MAP kinase activated protein kinase-1;PH;pleckstrin homology;HA;haemagglutinin;PKA;cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase;PKC;protein kinase C