Activity of monomeric, dimeric, and trimeric flavonoids on NO production, TNF‐α secretion, and NF‐κB‐dependent gene expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages

[摘要]

Flavonoids are potent antioxidants and have been associated with lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, the effect of flavonoids (monomers, dimers and a trimer) as well as French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol, on NO production, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) secretion and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity was compared. Monomers and dimers repressed NO production, TNF-α secretion and NF-κB-dependent gene expression induced by interferon γ, whereas the trimeric procyanidin C2 and Pycnogenol enhanced these parameters. In addition, in unstimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, both procyanidin C2 and Pycnogenol increased TNF-α secretion in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that procyanidins act as modulators of the immune response in macrophages.

[学科分类] 生物化学/生物物理

[关键词] Tumor necrosis factor-α;Nitric oxide;Nuclear factor κB;Macrophage;Procyanidin;IFN-γ;interferon-γ;iNOS;inducible nitric oxide synthase;LPS;lipopolysaccharide;NF-κB;nuclear factor κB;PCA;procyanidin;PYC;Pycnogenol;TNF-α;tumor necrosis factor-alpha