National Certification in Unified English Braille: Validation Report

[摘要] Unified English Braille (UEB) became the standard for literary braille in the United States in January 2016. In the process of this transition, myriad stakeholders have been and continue to be engaged in all aspects of producing, procuring, preparing professionals, and teaching children and adults the UEB code. The National Blindness Professional Certification Board is one such organization whose mission it is to develop certification standards to measure proficiency in UEB for teachers of the code. The National Certification in Unified English Braille (NCUEB) was created for that purpose. This manuscript (a) describes the steps that have been taken to test the efficacy of the NCUEB exam, (b) presents data which was generated by 83 individuals who took the exam between January and July 2015 across eleven different testing venues, and (c) provides a statistical report on the internal consistency, generalizability, content validity, and criterion-referencing for this examination. Results suggest that the NCUEB is valid and appropriate for its stated purpose.

[学科分类] 眼科学

[关键词] Anisopteromalus calandrae;venom transcriptome;venom gland;ectoparasitoid;insect pests