In most countries of the world, there is a growing interest in the use of concrete ties. The interest is justified by greater consistency in product quality that can be achieved by the use of prestressed concrete, and inherent suitability of concrete ties for use with continuously welded rails. Experience to date indicates that use of concrete ties is desirable for reasons of economy as well as for the superior structural properties that add considerably to the overall stability and performance of the track structure. Performance of concrete ties in track is influenced greatly by the functioning of both the rail fastening system and the ballast section. Therefore, rails, ties, fastenings, and ballast should all be considered integral parts of the track structure.
