A Few Characters of Wheat and Barley Varieties as Regard to the Adaptability on the Acidic Soils.

[摘要] It is well known that there is remarkable difference among crops as regard to the adaptability (or durability) on acid soils. The similar relation was also observed quite distinctly among varieties of wheat and barley, as reported in the previous papers. The authors intended, as the next step, to know if those physiological characters, such as Buffer value of root juice and alminon color reaction in root tissues, are closely related with acidic-soil-durability, and might be useful as a short method of judging the suitability in breeding. The process and results are as follows. 1. Root juice was sqneezed out and filtrated from young plants of 7-leaf stage, grown on non-acidic soil, and Buffer values were measured after the method of YOSIMURA. (Table 1). The results showed that there was discernible difference among varieties, and those varieties of more durable to acidic soil held larger Buffer values than weak ones (Table 2). 2. Middle part of seminal roots were cut-off from young seedlings of 5-leaf stage grown on acidic soils in pots, and cross-sected 10μ in thickness with freezing microtome, and were dipped in alminon-reagent for 1 hour, washed with water, and then treated in ammomium carbonate solution for half an hour, and observed under microscope (Fig. 1) according the procedure after AIMI. Tissues were dyed from external to internal parts accompanying some gradation of the color. Range and deepness of the coloring differed by variety. Weak varieties showed wider and deeper coloring in general, proving more quantity of intake of alminium in soils. The authors conclude, therefere, these laboratory methods are recommendable as a short or certifying method of judging adaptability on acidic soils among materials of wheat and barley breeding.

[学科分类] 农业科学（综合）