Yielding Ability of Winter Triticale in Snow Heavy Area of Central Hokkaido

[摘要] Field experiments were conducted over 4 seasons (1994-98) in central Hokkaido to examine the differences in growth habits between high- and low-yielding varieties of winter triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack). Grain yield, yield components, degree of winter injury by snow mold, and lodging index of triticale varieties from Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Canada, France, England, and Korea were compared with those of wheat varieties and rye varieties. Grain yield in most triticale varieties from Poland were higher than those of Hokushin, a leading wheat variety and rye varieties. However, the grain yield of triticale varieties bred in other countries ware less than those of Hokushin. The higher yielding ability in Polish triticale varieties ware mainly due to higher one ear weight and top weight than in wheat varieties and to a higher harvest index than in rye varieties. The low grain yield in triticale was mainly because of a high degree of snow mold disease, a sparsity in number of ears, and a low harvest index. Lodging also contributed to a reduction in grain yields of long-culmed triticale varieties. These results suggested that it is important in high-yielding triticale cultivation in snow-heavy areas to prevent a decrease in number of ears resulting from winter injury and to select varieties with good snow tolerance and high harvest index.

[学科分类] 农业科学（综合）

[关键词] Ear number;秋播コムギ;Ear weight;秋播ライコムギ;Grain yield;子実収量;Harvest index;収穫指数;Winter injury;一穂重;Winter triticale;冬枯れ;Winter wheat;ç©‚æ•°