On the reasons of importance of the improvement of agricultural machinery and instruments for the increase of Japanese farm crops.

[摘要] Introduction. Scientific factors important for the increase of Japanese farm crops. Preliminary discussion. Improvement of agric. machinery & instruments helps more the farm works chiefly. So it makes the decrease of the cost of the production of the farm crops. Because, Japanese Agricultural machinery & instrumeuts are very primitive. (1) Improved farm machinery helps the increase of the yields and quality of crops. (2) Improved f. machinary decreases not only, the wages, but also can increases the cultivatable acreages of farm crops by their high efficiency. (3) The efficiency of one farmer in Japan is very low, in spite of the very high rate of the popuration. (4) Necessity of permaneat inhabitance, with high efficient farm machinery, of inland settlements, to Hokkaido, or to North-eastern districts (Tohoku Chiho) from high populated districts is very large. (5) Necessity of improvements of irrigation, drainage and reclamationworks. And although water pools with dams, raising of electricity by water power. (6) Giving profession or buisiness to many peoples, as the appendexiable works. (7) Development of civil or scientific works, e. g. electric seed nursery in upland and paddy rice fields. Main discourse. Agronomical examples of the suitable actions in every good suitable seasons; suitable agricultural machinery. (8) Good season on the Middle & North districts in Japan proper for the sowing time of winter wheat and barley is Oct. and early Nov. The delay of seeding work checks heavily the increase of these crops. (9) In economical (commercial) agriculture, the good time on the middle & north districts in Japan proper for the transplanting of rice is June and early Jnly. The delay of the transplanting work checks heavily, the increase of these crops too. (10) In common fields, the good time on the north and Kwanto districts in Japan, for the planting of sweet potato is the 3 months before middle of July. This crop and rice want frostless season. Hence, small machinery for sweet potato digging (plows) and the Vinecutting are very necessary, and the investigations of these machinery are advancing in Japan, now. (11) The harvesting times of rice, wheat and barley are very busy. The delay of harvesting works checks the increase of these crops. Hence, some small harvesting machinery, such as reaper or combine, are wanted now in Japan. Therefore, many designs and patents for these are advancing now. (12) Recently, some agric-drugs or medical compounds (pharmacy) such as D.D.T. or 2.4-D are in application in Japan, also. This fact is an advance of Japanese agriculture, for the controlings of insects & diseases or weeds. But, the speedy dusting or spraying are very necessary. Therefore, the very good dusters, the fog-machinery and the motors of these are wanted. We are very glad to say we know some good machinery for these purposes in Japan, now. (13) Some special cultivators for paddy rice fields are necessary in Japan. And we know some good kinds of these implements pulled by some domestic animals, e.g.horse or cattle. We know 2-4.D. which is weed killing drug. But, the special cultivator (Suiden chikuryoku josoki) acts not only weed killing action, but also inter cultivating action, of caurse. (14) The small cultivators for upland field are very necessary for Japanese farms. Which acts intercultivation, weedkilling, mulching, and the principles of dry-farming. (15) Plows and harrows in small size are very necessary for Japanese farmers, also. (16) Recently, the developments of small threshing machines & milling plants are very wanderful in Japan, too, because they have industrial habits. (17) Some small dryers and electric dryers for grains are very important in Japan. Because, the climatic conditions in this country, especially East and North & Eastern districts (Hokuriku, Tohoku & Hokkaido) are very wet (High humidity). Conclusion. Applications of the scientific investigations of the members of t

[学科分类] 农业科学（综合）