Effects of Fertilization and Poliploidy on Grain Shedding Habit of Cultivated Buckwheats (Fagopyrum spp.) (Genetic Resources and Evaluation)

[摘要] Cultivated buckwheats (Fagoprum spp.) show an easy grain shedding habit, which is known to cause heavy yield loss. In this study, the grain shedding habit was compared among diploids and tetraploids of common buckwheat (F. esculentum Moench.) and tartary buckwheat (F. tataricum Gaertner). The breaking tensile strength of pedicel and the pedicel diameter were measured as indices of grain shedding habit. The effect of fertilizer application on the grain shedding habit of the above strains was also investigated. The breaking tensile strength was higher in the common buckwheat than in the tartary buckwheat. The breaking tensile strength was in the descending order of tetraploid common buckwheat, diploid common buckwheat, tetraploid tartary buckwheat and diploid tartary buckwheat. A similar trend was observed in pedicel diameter. The breaking tensile strength per sectional area of a pedicel was higher in the tartary buckwheat than in the common buckwheat, but no difference was observed between diploids and tetraploids within the species. Thus, some qualitative differences in pedicels between the two species were suggested. The fertilizer application had no significant efrect on the grain shedding habit.

[学科分类] 农业科学（综合）

[关键词] Common buckwheat;ダッタンソバ;Diploid;脱粒性;Grain shedding habit;2倍体;Tartary buckwheat;普通ソバ;Tetraploid;4倍体