Recent advances in the hydrostratigraphy of Paleozoic bedrock in the Midwestern United States

[摘要] Relatively undeformed Paleozoic bedrock forms the most widelyused aquifers in Minnesota and Wisconsin (Fig. 1). Increasing demand for groundwaterand concerns about contamination of deep aquifers have led to the need for a morecomprehensive understanding of the hydrogeologic attributes of these strata thanwas deemed suitable just a few decades ago. Modern field techniques, coupled withadvances in numerical modeling, are providing new insights into bedrock groundwaterflow systems and redefinition of the classic divisions of the section into regionalaquifers and aquitards. In Minnesota and Wisconsin, we commonly undertake boreholeflowmeter logging, optical and acoustical borehole imaging, temperature profiling,short-interval packer testing, multi-level hydraulic head measurement, and dye tracingto evaluate the hydrogeology of bedrock formations. These techniques are widelyavailable today but were beyond the reach of most field hydrogeologists only a fewyears ago.

[学科分类] 地质学

[关键词] Fire safety;fatal fires;smoke alarms