Die geboorte van 'n baba met 'n kongenitale deformiteit van die lip en/of harde en sagte palatum : psigo-sosiale implikasies vir die gesin

[摘要] ENGLISH ABSTRACT:In this study an explorative and a descriptive design has been implemented with theaim of obtaining knowledge, insight, and understanding of the psycho-socialimplications of a cleft lip and/or cleft palate for the individual child as well as thefamily. The motivation for this study was a result of the lack of knowledge on thepsycho-social adjustments of an individual/child with a cleft lip and/or cleft palate andhis/her family. The researcher became conscious of this lack during a full preliminaryinquiry and this lack has been confirmed by the Department of Social Work as well asthe Department of Maxillo-Facial-and Oral Surgery at Tygerberg Hospital. The aim ofthis study is therefore to create guidelines concerning social welfare interference infamilies after the birth of a baby with a cleft lip and/or cleft palate, in order to improvepsycho-social functioning.The literature study included occurrence and incidence, embryological development,etiology of cleft lip and/or cleft palate as well as the psycho-social implications for theindividual/child and the family. The medical aspects, namely the etiological andembryological development of cleft lip and/or cleft palate only serves as abackground for the medical social worker that forms part of the interdisciplinary teamof a cleft palate/lip clinic. This research focuses primarily on the psycho-socialimplications of a cleft lip and/or cleft palate on the individual/child as well on thefamily. The literature study also included the theoretical perspectives whichdetermine the social worker's task and the system and strength perspective has beenfocused on. These perspectives have been implemented according to thedevelopment-aimed approach.The researcher decided to involve ten pre-school children with congenital deformity,between the ages of one month to six years as well as their mothers, who are fromthe service area of the Tygerberg Hospital in the research. The study was determinedby a combination of qualitative as well as quantitative research methods, namelystructured interviews as well as structured questionnaires. The results of thisresearch confirmed the results of the literature study to a great extent, namely thatindividuals/children with a congenital deformity, as well as their families, are a highriskgroup for psycho-social problems. These psycho-social problems indicaterelationship problems in the family, cognitive problems for the individual/child as wellas social adjustment problems for the individual/child and the family. Therefore theresults gave an indication of what the content of intervention programmes for thistarget group should be.The recommendations focused on three areas, namely general recommendationsconcerning prenatal clinics where the cleft lip and/or cleft palate should be identified,general recommendations concerning guidelines for the social worker beforeintervention in the target group starts and recommendations with the aim of creatingguidelines for social welfare intervention, in order to limit the psycho-socialimplications on the individual/child. The recommendations include further research inorder to address society's ignorance concerning cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Thisresearch should focus on the development of social welfare programmes which, byprimary prevention, aim at improved informing the society of this deformity.

[发布机构] Stellenbosch University