Kooperatiewe leer as 'n aspek van kleingroepwerk in die primere skool

[摘要] ENGLISH ABSTRACT:Small group work is a complex educational method which requires of theteacher not only a thorough knowledge of group work methods and group dynamicprocesses, but also thorough advance planning and organising before itsimplementation.Before the teacher implements small group 'Work in his class-room, he shouldformulate clear aims and objectives to serve as guideline for group activities.During small group work distinctive activities are undertaken and toincrease the success of these activities, the teacher will have to create apositive climate which promotes the teaching and learning process. As withthe creation of climate, the composition of the group is a variable whichcan be controlled by the teacher. The correct group composition will notonly lead to more effective group functioning, but will also contribute toa healthy esprit de corps.Small group work implies a dramatic shift in emphasis in respect of thetraditional roles of teacher and pupil. The role of the pupil (learner)changes from that of a passive listener to that of an active participantand discussion partner in the teaching and learning process. The role ofthe teacher who has been regarded as almost the only source and transmitterof knowledge, changes to that of a facilitator who leads and motivates thepupil to become an enquirer-learner.To be able to participate effectively in small group activities requirescertain skills of pupils. Two skills, namely communication and problemsolving,which should be taught to the pupils purposefully and in a structuredway, are described in this study. The success of small group work isto a large extent determined by these two skills.Co-operative learning is an educational technique which involves the pupilin becoming co-responsible for his own teaching and lea~ning process. Cooperativelearning is described as an aspect of small group work where heterogeneousgroups of approximately five members each, function interdependentlyof one another in order to attain a group aim.Co-operative learning techniques are aimed at eliminating, to a large extent,the passivity and isolation which may occur during ordinary groupw0rk, as each group member is actively involved in the learning process.Co-operative learning techniques is also aimed at developing the pupil asa whole because components such as communication development, problem solving,socialising, conflict handling and leadership development are all involved.In this way the pupil may be better prepared to take his place ina complex society which is constantly making higher demands.The application of co-operative learning techniques in small group contextmay also offer a solution to the problems of combined and ever growingclasses at present experienced in education.

[发布机构] Stellenbosch University