Pneumocystis associated to the human immunodeficiency virus in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

[摘要] Objective: a retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of pneumopathy due to Pneumocystis jirovecii in patients with the human immunodefiency virus (HIV). The patients surveyed were being treated at pneumological clinics of several hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: 230 bronchoalveolar lavage samples from patients of both sexes aged 14-41 were examined from January 2009 to July 2010. The lavage samples were stained by Giemsa's method and analyzed by optical microscopy. Results: overall prevalence of infection due to Pneumocystis jirovecii was 23.5 % (54 infected of 230 examined), of whom 22.3 % were male (32 infected of 142 examined) and 25.6 % were female (21 infected of 82 examined), with no significant difference between the sexes (×2= 0,05, p> 0,05). On the other hand, prevalence of the infection was found to increase with age, though not significantly (rs= 0,78; p> 0,05). This increase occurs in such a way that prevalence in the 26-41 age group more than doubles that of the 15-25 age group. Conclusion: AIDS patients are prone to develop Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, with a marked risk of respiratory collapse.

[学科分类] 传染病学

[关键词] Pneumocystis jirovecii;pneumocystis;immunodeficiency;HIV