Chromomycosis: rural endemic in the north-western region of Venezuela

[摘要] INTRODUCTION: chromomycosis, described by Max Rudolph in 1914, is a chronic subcutaneous mycosis that are generally caught from a cutaneous trauma and caused by dematiaceous fungi. This disease has been reported throughout Venezuela, but it is predominant in the states of Lara, Zulia and Falcón. OBJECTIVE: to ascertain some factors that might explain the endemic at Falcon State rural zone.METHODS: in vitro detection of Cladophialophora carrionii from the typical vegetation of this semiarid area known as "xerophilous woods of prickles" and also, active search of clinical cases among inhabitants of this area through direct testing and culture of flakes from skin lesions. It was intended to determine a hereditary susceptibility factor through the estimation of Falconer´s heritability factor and Arias´ methodology of heritable genetic disorders.RESULTS: it was possible to isolate C. carrionii from abundant xerophilous species in the area such as Prosopis juliflora and several Cactaceae. The accumulated casuistry in our state accounts for 54,4% (490/900) of all cases reported in Venezuela from 1983 to 2995. Most of the patients were infected by C. carrionii and they mentioned frequent injures by cactaceae prickles. On the basis of genealogical studies, it was proved that cases were concentrated in family groups (up to 11% higher than in the community) as well as 65% heritability factor and high frequency of blood-related marriages (25%) associated with 7% of people affected by chromomycosis.CONCLUSIONS: it was concluded that this is a rural, work and family endemic that is likely associated with a hereditary susceptibility factor.

[学科分类] 传染病学

[关键词] Cromomicosis;chromoblastomicosis;Cladophialophora carrionii;Fonsecaea pedrosoi;susceptibilidad heredable;endemia rural