Application of serological and molecular tools for diagnosis of chorioretinitis caused by Toxoplasma gondii

[摘要] Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, is an intracellular protozoan that can affect the eye, and be the most common cause of posterior uveitis. Objective: to determine the usefulness of serological and molecular techniques for the diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis in patients with uveitis. Methods: a cross-sectional study was designed in order to compare a group of patients with toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis and another affected by non-toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. In both groups serological methods such as indirect immunofluorescence assay, immunoassay (ELISA), and the polymerase chain reaction were used for the diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis.Results: serological techniques allowed detecting anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies in 100 % of patients with toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis, and only 3 patients were positive to IgM antibodies. Finally, only one had a weak result for IgG avidity. The polymerase chain reaction detected DNA from Toxoplasma gondii in 15 out of 47 patients for a sensitivity of 31.9 %.Conclusions: this paper reports the detection of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in all toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis cases by serological methods; but the most sensible method was immunofluorescence assay. The molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii`s DNA in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis was employed for the first time in Cuba. The results suggest that serological and molecular techniques can be applied to confirm the diagnosis of Toxoplasma infection in patients with toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.

[学科分类] 传染病学

[关键词] Toxoplasma gondii;polymerase chain reaction;ocular toxoplasmosis