Perspektiewe aangaande die problematiek van werksverskaffing aan tersiêr-gekwalifiseerde persone met gestremdhede in Suid Afrika

[摘要] ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is not unique. It serves as recent and focused research to confirm existingand probably well established· tendencies regarding the employment of persons withdisabilities.South Africa is a country with many opportunities and is on the forefront withprogressive and liberal legislation. The Constitution of the country is one of the manyexamples of such legislation. Initial observations were that rapid changes took placesince the first free national democratic elections in 1994. The new dispensation aimedto improve the inequities of the past. Two of the disadvantaged groups namely blacksand women gained vast improvements in the workplace. The third group namelypersons with disabilities was left behind, not withstanding the Employment Equity Act(no. 55 of 1998) (EEA). It was significant that eight years after the EEA and otherpositive legislation and codes of practice with the same objective were published verylittle has changed in the working environment for people with disabilities. The cries forhelp from this group can no longer be ignored and has become the main thrust for thisstudy. The said legislation is not properly enforced and therefore achieve poor results.The research done consists of two studies: A. a Literature study and B. a Quantitativestudy.The literature study includes the following:.I Applicable South African Legislation, user's codes and codes of practices ..I The global picture - Comparison of the impact of similar legislation regardingemployment in the United States of America, Great Britain, Sweden, Japan andIndia.The impact of reasonable provision on employment legislation and practices inSouth Africa as well as obstacles negatively effecting the job-hunter with adisability.The literature showed that the implications of legislation intended to improve thesituation of persons with disabilities seems to be a challenge for employers in othercountries as well.The quantitative study entailed an investigation of the employment situation of 11companies in the Western Cape. The primary objective of the study was to determinethe attitudes of the companies in respect of the employment of persons with disabilitieswith special reference to those holding tertiary qualifications. A further aim was todetermine the effectiveness of the EEA in respect to the employment of persons withdisabilities. The information was gathered by a random distribution of questionnaires.Except for a minority of companies the questionnaires were well received and producedthe expected outcome. The results supported the hypothesis that no significantdifference in employment ratios of persons with disabilities were detected, eight yearsafter the EEA and other positive legislation were published. There was, however,positive feedback regarding notions to improve the situation of the employment of thisignored group, from most companies. The reality is that there seems to be anoversupply of able tertiary qualified people. This means that tertiary qualified peoplewith disabilities can expect to still be at the back of the queue - exactly as it was in thepast.The obligation to give the necessary attention and assistance to persons with disabilitiesis entrenched in the Constitution and included in legislation. The real challenge forcompanies is, however, to align their social responsibilities with their corporate characterand value system in order to provide equal employment opportunities for people withdisabilities.

[发布机构] Stellenbosch University