A survey of some parasites and diseases of several species of bivalve mollusc in northern Western Australia
[摘要] ABSTRACT: Pteriid oysters (
Pinctada maxima,
Pinctada margaritifera,
Pinctada albina,
Pteria penguin), rock oysters (
Saccostrea glomerata,
Saccostrea cuccullata,
Saccostrea echinata) and representatives ofother taxa (Malleidae, Isognomonidae, Pinnidae, Mytilidae, Spondylidae, Arcidae) from the wild, and 4670 hatchery-reared
P. maxima, from northern and Western Australia, were examined for parasites and diseases. Rickettsiales-like inclusions andmetacestodes of
Tylocephalum occurred in most species. Intranuclear virus-like inclusions occurred in 1/415 wild
P. maxima, 1/1254
S. cuccullata, 3/58
Isognomon isognomum, 1/80
Pinna bicolor and 1/45
Pinnadeltodes.
Perkinsus was histologically observed in 1/4670
P. maxima spat, 2/469
P. albina, 1/933
S. glomerata, 16/20
Malleus meridianus, 12/58
I. isognomum, 1/45
P. deltodes, 5/12
Spondylus sp.,1/16
Septifer bilocularis and 3/6
Barbatia helblingii. One of 1254
S. cuccullata was heavily systemically infected with
Perkinsus merozoites, meronts and schizonts, and was patently diseased. Other potentially serious pathogensincluded
Haplosporidium sp. in 6/4670
P. maxima spat,
Marteilia sydneyi from 1/933
S. glomerata, and
Marteilia sp. (probably
M. lengehi) (1/1254) and
Haplosporidium sp. (125/1254) from
S.cuccullata. The latter were associated with epizootics on offshore islands, with heaviest prevalence (45%) in oysters with empty gonad follicles.
Marteilioides sp. infected the oocytes of 9/10 female
S. echinata from Darwin Harbour.Details of geographical distribution and pathology are given, and the health of the bivalves examined is discussed.
