Aspekte van stemontwikkeling : 'n psigo-fisiese benadering

[摘要] ENGLISH ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between developing the voiceand freeing the voice. The ultimate aim of developing the singing voice is expressionthrough the medium of sound. For this to happen, a singer's voice has to function freeand resonant. Every song demands certain expressive qualities, and the singinginstrument should be able to react to a wide range of impulses. The singing instrumentshould be freed to enable optimal functioning, while authentically conveying powerfulemotions. Developing and freeing the voice is a psycho-physical process.A person's psycho-physical functioning is manifested in body posture. As it were, thebody conforms to a person's predisposition and muscle use. Muscle condition, muscleuse and the singer's psychological state of mind influence the way in which sound isproduced. Sensory perception, the body and breathing in balance, and the use of thebody as singing instrument is discussed in chapter two.During the teaching of singing it is imperative that singers develop free habits andexpectations. A process of releasing the voice is needed, because stressful habits anddistorted sound-expectations have become part of the singer's performance. Thisinhibits expression in sound and causes the singing apparatus to operate ineffectively.The proper balance between effort and result is often disturbed. In chapter three it ispointed out that more attention should be paid to psycho-physical aspects, includingpsychological hindrances, the mind, motivation and body language. The teacher-pupilrelationship and fear can also influence the development of the voice. In the process offreeing the voice, the Alexander technique can contribute to recognition ofmalfunctioning and tension in the body. A new and expanded approach to teaching andlearning is needed - this will enable the singer to fully participate through thought,physical sensing, feeling and intuitive functions during teaching sessions. All thesecomponents interact with each other to support the singing process and develop goodtechnical skills.In chapter four activities which can contribute to the freeing process of the voice andpsycho-physical development are discussed. Activities used to promote the integrationof all components are game playing as aid to singing development, characterisation astool for personality and emotional development, imagery and imagination, and voiceand movement. In the final chapter some conclusions and directives are given forfuture teaching of singing, with recommendations about areas in which more researchis needed, including development of mental concepts in singing, sound and movement,and the role and influence of feeling and emotion during the singing process.

[发布机构] Stellenbosch University