Kurrikulumontwikkeling vir volhoubare sportbestuuropleiding in Suid-Afrika

[摘要] ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The sporting environment in South Africa started changing drastically when professional sport increasingly became a reality after years of sporting isolation. As a result of these changes new career opportunities opened up becauseprofessionals were required to manage professional sport. These new professionalsporting organisations are modelled on economically active businesses that requiremanagers at all levels. Training institutions soon started offering programmes totrain these so-called sports managers. Although there are specialists working in thesporting environment, the generic term sports manager is used to identify theseindividuals. The appropriate and sustainable training of sports managers forms thenucleus of the research in this study.Training programmes for sports managers are mostly offered at departments ofhuman movement studies or sports science. This tended to create the impressionthat these training programmes are merely adapted human movement studiesprogrammes that do not necessarily make provision for the professional sportsmanagement industry.The main purpose of this study was to design a curriculum framework for sportmanagement training that is not only practice-oriented, but that also ensuressustainable programmes. To realise this, both an international and a nationalhistorical perspective on sport management training were researched. A descriptionof a theoretical curriculum model with specific reference to current trends ineducation in South Africa was given. Furthermore it endeavoured to establish, fromwithin the sporting industry, the knowledge and skills that are required for a career insports management. From this information an attempt was made to suggest acurriculum framework so that appropriate and sustainable sports managementtraining programmes can be offered.From a historical survey it became evident that sports management trainingprogrammes are in a relatively early development phase. An analysis ofinternational programmes revealed that these programmes focus mainly on theeconomic and management activities in sports management organisations. Fewinstances were found where human movement studies constituted a prominent partof the contents of the programmes. However, the opposite was found to be truewhen South African programmes were reviewed. The majority of these programmesinclude components of human movement studies/sport science in their contents.Some of the programmes focus specifically on human movement studies/sportscience and merely offer introductory modules on aspects of sports management.This study indicates the necessity for sports management training programmes inhigher education to fit into specific structures in the South African educationframework. New developments centred around the South African QualificationsAuthority, the Higher Education Board and more specifically the NationalQualifications Framework have been researched and applied to sports managementtraining programmes.To place this study within the perspective of curriculum development, variousmodels and methods of curriculum evaluation were explored. As a result of this asynoptic list was compiled to which sports management programmes may berequired to comply.As part of the study a questionnaire review was conducted to indicate sportsmanagers' knowledge and skills requirements in three levels of management.Guidelines were derived from this for generic contents of sports managementprogrammes. It was also indicated that specialist functions exist within the sportsmanagement industry and that this phenomenon cannot merely be ignored byacademic institutions when curricula are designed. These findings were used tosuggest a possible framework for sports management curricula. In the light of achanging environment in South Africa and the development of the professionalsports management industry, it is necessary that this framework should continuouslybe supplemented in a dynamic sporting environment.

[发布机构] Stellenbosch University