The genetic characterizationof the autochthonous livestock requires to know the situation of populationsfor its conservation. Although characterization studies of Carora and LimoneroCreole Cattle studies have been conducted in Venezuela, they have been isolated,not being carried out to determine whether gene structure for the genes of thethree main milk proteins in these cattle breeds, Venezuelan Limonero Creoleand Carora reflects its genetic variability. For this reason, the genotypesfor the three main milk proteins were determined: k-casein, a-lactalbumin andb-lactoglobulin in controlled herds. The allelic frequencies and heterocigositiesper locus were calculated for the characterization of these breeds perlocus and for each population and Hardy Weinberg equilibrium parameters,as well as the relationships between them were determined. The most frequentalleles for each protein were identified in each herd and the Siboney de Cubapopulation was used as reference. It was found that there is a high variabilityin the two Venezuelan populations analyzed, which is an important tool for thedesign and control of the breeding programs. There is an available DNA bankof both breeds as well as the methodology of molecular marker analysis for thecharacterization of the Venezuelan cattle as a basis for future studies of associationwith characters of productive interest to be evaluated as selection or conservationindicators, or other applications of economic interest.
