The optimal dietarysupply of amino acids to tilapia has been studied for many years. Nevertheless,a general agreement on the amino acid requirement for tilapias has not beenestablished. In order to optimize efficiency and reduce surplus nitrogen, valuesof digestibility of each amino acid of feed must be considered. Due to variationsin the amino acid requirement due to new tilapia strains introduction, continuousresearch on amino acid requirements is necessary to elaborate economical andenvironmental sustainability diets, also improving fish growth, efficiency andfillet yield. The concept of ideal protein in tilapia diets was introduced morethan ten years ago, and new researches have shown the importance of proteinand amino acids on fish performance and health, when tilapias are submittedto constant challenging from internal and external factors.