Where does the black population of South Africa stand on the nutrition transition?

[摘要] Objective:To review data on selected risk factors related to the emergence of non communicable diseases (NCDs) in the black population of South Africa.Methods:Data from existing literature on South African blacks were reviewed with an emphasis placed on changes in diet and the emergence of obesity and related NCDs.Design:Review and analysis of secondary data over time relating to diet, physical activity and obesity and relevant to nutrition-related NCDs.Settings:Urban, peri-urban and rural areas of South Africa. National prevalence data are also included.Subjects:Black adults over the age of 15 years were examined.Results:Shifts in dietary intake, to a less prudent pattern, are occurring with apparent increasing momentum, particularly among blacks, who constitute three-quarters of the population. Data have shown that among urban blacks, fat intakes have increased from 16.4% to 26.2% of total energy (a relative increase of 59.7%), while carbohydrate intakes have decreased from 69.3% to 61.7% of total energy (a relative decrease of 10.9%) in the past 50 years. Shifts towards the Western diet are apparent among rural African dwellers as well. The South African Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 1998 revealed that 31.8% of African women (over the age of 15 years) were obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kgm−2) and that a further 26.7% were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 to

[学科分类] 卫生学

[关键词] Black South Africans;Diet;Obesity;Activity;Hypertension;Diabetes