Die VSA se veranderende beleid teenoor die Republiek van China (Taiwan), 1969-1979

[摘要] ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors and circumstances which led to thechanging policy of the US towards the Republic of China (Taiwan) and to present a newsynthesis on the topic. By placing the process of change, and the opposition against it orthe manipulation thereof, in a chronological-analytical perspective, an attempt is made topresent a holistic view of the important historical events.Within the context of the Cold War, the US adapted and changed its China policy tocombat post-war conditions, especially in regard to the fight against Communistexpansion in the Far East. While the US initially supported Chiang Kai-shek and theNationalist government during the World War Two, it adhered to a policy of vacillatingneutrality during the Chinese Civil War. After the Communist take over in China duringOctober 1949, the US did not acknowledge the new People's Republic of China, nor didit side with the Republic of China on Taiwan (where Chiang Kai-shek and his followersfled during the Chinese Civil War).With the outbreak of the Korean war the US decided on an active China policy andTaiwan was protected from any attack by the Chinese Communists. During the 1950sand 1960s Taiwan was made part of the US security network in order to containCommunist expansion in the Far East. As such the island was drawn into the Cold War.By the end of the 1960s Nixon started rapprochement with the People's Republic ofChina and by the end of the 1970s Carter formally severed diplomatic relations with theROC on Taiwan. However, the US changing policy with regard to the ROC was not sosimple, because amongst American political leaders and the government there wereserious differences of opinion over then US China policy. At times an ambiguous Chinapolicy was adhered to.Various factors and circumstances led to US policy changes with regard to the ROC onTaiwan. A process of change took place which led to political, international, economicand legal implications for the ROC on Taiwan.

[发布机构] Stellenbosch University