Zur Konzeption eines einsprachigen deutschen Lernerworterbuchs : Vorschlage fur die lexikographische Textgestaltung aus benutzerorientierter Perspektive

[摘要] Objective: This study presents a conception for compiling a monolingual Germanlearner's dictionary. It is a theoretical blueprint which formulates guidelines regarding thechoice and treatment ofinformation types suited for inclusion in such a dictionary. Theconception is ''user oriented. In other words, its main focus is on the target users: nonnativespeakers ofGerman who have reached an intermediate level of proficiency in theiractive and passive usage ofthe language. The deciding factor when suggestions are maderegarding the selection, arrangement and typographical appearance of all lexicographicalinformation is its relevance for this target group. In order for it to be an aid to foreignlanguage learners while reading, writing and translating texts, information is presented in asimple and an easily retrievable way. The conception also aspires to help learnersovercome their communicative problems and needs as well as to improve their linguisticcompetence. However, the ultimate aim ofthis dissertation is not only to provide atheoretical blueprint for a German learner's dictionary, but to have some practicalsignificance as well. It is hoped that these recommendations will go some way towardsstimulating the presently underdeveloped German pedagogical lexicographical practice.Contents: The study is structured to include all the vital aspects that are ofsignificancefor the compilation of a learner's dictionary. It begins with a discussion of a number ofpedagogical-lexicographical issues, such as the role of a learner's dictionary as a means ofimproving communicative proficiency in language teaching. The focus then moves on tothe main objective, namely concrete proposals for the dictionary blueprint. While theseproposals are based on up-to-date metalexicographical and linguistic theoreticalconclusions, the deciding factor is that they must be practically applicable. First, the draftdictionary is typologically characterised by means of a precise and detailed description ofthe target user profile and potential usage situation~. Secondly, a discussion of generalcriteria, mainly aimed at improving the quick and easy retrieval of linguistic information,follows. Then, the contents and form ofthose texts that are not within the centralalphabetical wordlist, such as the user's guide and grammar, as well as the internalreference structure ofthe dictionary (mediostructure) are highlighted. Subsequently, the selection of information in the draft dictionary is examined. This includes both the choiceoflemmas (macrostructural selection) and the collection of linguistic information typessuited for inclusion (microstructural selection). Not only does the conception recommenda relatively small number oflemmas (15 000), exclusively retrieved from the mostcommon and frequently used standardised High German, but the number of informationtypes is also restricted. This results is a low information density which in tum allows for alow text density and a high degree of accessiblity. Although decisions regarding thepresentation ofvarious lexicographical information categories are linguistically motivated,linguistic comprehensiveness must occasionally bow the knee before pragmaticconsiderations. These improve the reception and retrievablitiy of data and enhance theuser's chances of a sound understanding. A favourable visual presentation, including alow information density and transparent typographical layout, are also emphasisedthroughout. Finally, suggestions for the organisation and presentation oflemmas on theone hand and individual information types within the dictionary article on the other arepresented. Sample entries provide a clear demonstration of all suggestions. In conclusion,the wider aspects ofhow the dictionary conceptualised in this thesis can be adapted tocompile specialist pedagogical dictionaries, such as a production dictionary and a bilinguallearner's dictionary which incorporates mother-tongue elements, are presented.

[发布机构] Stellenbosch University