The evaluation of larvae of Musca domestica (common house fly) as protein source for broiler production

[摘要] ENGLISH ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Musca domestica (common house fly) larvae meal, asprotein source, for broiler production. This was done by investigating the nutritive value of house fly larvae mealtogether with its total tract digestibility, potential toxicity and carcass characteristics of the broilers supplementedwith house fly larvae meal. The proximate analysis of house fly larvae meal show that it contained, on a drymatter basis, a gross energy value of 20.10 MJ/kg, 60.38% crude protein, 14.08% crude fat and 10.68% ash andthat the house fly pupae contained a gross energy of 20.42 MJ/kg, 76.23% crude protein, 14.39% crude fat and7.73% ash. House fly pupae meal had the closest match of amino acid profile when compared with the idealamino acid profile required by broilers and it has arginine relative to the lysine content closer to the ideal aminoacid profile than the house fly larvae meal. The essential fatty acid, linoleic acid, was found at levels of 26.25and 36.27% of the total fats for the house fly larvae and pupae meal respectively. House fly larvae mealsupplementation did not induce gizzard erosion or showed toxicity (regarding the gastro intestinal tract, immunesystem and organ stress) in broilers.Results revealed that house fly pupae meal had higher total tract digestibilities for most nutrients than of thehouse fly larvae meal. House fly larvae meal had a crude protein total tract digestibility of 69% and that of pupaemeal was 79%. Both larvae and pupae meal had high amino acid total tract digestibilities of all the amino acidsanalysed. The house fly larvae and pupae meal had an apparent metabolizable energy (AME) value of14.23MJ/kg and 15.15MJ/kg respectively. The larvae meal total tract crude fat and crude fibre digestibilitieswere 94% and 62% respectively. The pupae meal total tract crude fat and crude fibre digestibilities were 98%and 58% respectively.House fly larvae meal supplementation in a three phase feeding system significantly increased average broilerlive weights at slaughter, total feed intake, cumulative feed intake as well as average daily gain (ADG) whencompared to commercial maize: soya oil cake meal diet. In direct comparison of larvae inclusion levels withfishmeal in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diet, no significant differences were observed between a 10% housefly larvae and a 10% fish meal diets regarding performance characteristic. The 25% house fly larvae meal dietyielded significantly better average broiler live weights at slaughter, total feed intake, cumulative feed intake(from the second week until slaughter) as well as average daily gain when compared to the 25% fish meal diet inthe growth phases.Carcass characteristics of the 10% larvae, 10% fishmeal and commercial diets were compared. Chicks thatreceived either the 10% house fly larvae meal or 10% fish meal supplementation produced significantly heavier carcasses and breast muscle portions than the chicks that received the commercial maize: soya oil cake meal.No treatment differences were found regarding breast and thigh muscle colour or pH.This study showed that house fly larvae meal can be regarded as a safe protein source that can be used toreplace other protein sources and that has the ability to promote broiler performance without having anydetrimental effects on carcass characteristics.

[发布机构] Stellenbosch University