A hair bundle proteomics approach to discovering actin regulatory proteins in inner ear stereocilia

[摘要] Because there is little knowledge in the areas of stereocilia development, maintenance, and function in the hearing system, I decided to pursue a proteomics-based approach to discover proteins that play a role in stereocilia function. I employed a modified ;;twist-off;; technique to isolate hair bundle proteins, and I developed a method to purify proteins and to process them for analysis using multi-dimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT). The MudPIT analysis yielded a substantial list of proteins. I verified the presence of 21 out of 34 (62%) existing proteins known to be present in stereocilia. This provided strong evidence that my proteomics approach was efficient in identifying hair bundle proteins. Next, I selected three proteins and localized them to murine cochlear stereocilia. StarD10, a putative phospholipid binding protein, was detectable along the shaft of stereocilia. Nebulin, a putative F-actin regulator, was located toward the base of stereocilia. Finally, twinfilin 2, a putative modulator of actin polymerization, was found at the tips of stereocilia. In order to determine the function of twinfilin 2, I localized the protein predominately to the tips of shorter stereocilia where it is up-regulated during the final phase of elongation. When overexpressed, I found that twinfilin 2 causes a shortening of microvilli in LLC-PK1/CL4 cells and in native cochlear stereocilia. The main result of this thesis was determining the sub-cellular localization of three interesting proteins and functionally characterizing one protein. My thesis also confirmed the proteomics screen I developed as an efficient method for identifying proteins in stereocilia.

[发布机构] Massachusetts Institute of Technology