Behavior of severe maxillofacial trauma

[摘要] Introduction: Understanding the cause, severity and distribution of facial trauma andconcomitant lesions may help in the optimization of initial treatment. Objective:To characterize severe maxillofacial trauma in the emergency department of GeneralCalixto García University Hospital from 2015-2016. Methods:A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out at General Calixto GarcíaUniversity Hospital, from 2015-2016. The study population was constituted bypatients who presented to the emergency department with a diagnosis of maxillofacialpolytrauma and severe maxillofacial trauma. We used the following qualitativevariables: sex, etiology, drinking of alcohol and lesions. We used the quantitativevariable of age. A data collection form was prepared and the information wasentered into a database. Whole numbers, percentages and statistical tables wereused. Ethical principles for human research were followed. Results:Males accounted for 73 %. The most represented age group was 18-30 years (32.4%), followed by the 31-40 and 41-50 groups (21.6 % and 14.9 %, respectively).In 44.6 % of the patients the trauma was associated to traffic accidents. In32.4% of the patients, the trauma was associated to interpersonal violence.Ethyl breath was detected in 50 % of the patients. Predominating wounds werelarger than 2 cm, followed by those of less than that length (52.7 % and 28.4%, respectively) and mandibular fracture (29.7 %). Conclusions:There was a predominance of males and the age group of 18-30 years. The mainetiology was traffic accident, followed by interpersonal violence. The mostfrequent soft-tissue lesions were wounds greater than 2 cm. The most frequenthard-tissue lesions were mandibular fractures. Half of the patients had consumedalcohol.

[学科分类] 基础医学

[关键词] traumatology;maxillofacial;epidemiology.