Neutrophils in local and systemic antibody‐dependent inflammatory and anaphylactic reactions

[摘要] Neutrophilsarenotoriousfortheirefficacyinmicrobialkilling.Variousmechanisms,suchasphagocytosis,productionofROS,cytokines/chemokinesandlipidmediators,degranulationofantimicrobialsandenzymes,aswellasNETosiscontributetothiscapacity.However,everyincidenceofneutrophilactivationbearsarisktocausedamagetothehost.Severaldistinctsteps,i.e.,adhesiontoendothelialcells,transmigration,chemotaxis,cytokinestimulation,andTLRsignaling,arethoughttocontroltheextentofneutrophilactivation.Intheabsenceofamicrobialstimulus,otherpathwayscaninduceneutrophilactivation,amongwhichFcR‐inducedactivationwhenneutrophilsencounterICs.Inthesesituations(inflammation,autoimmunity,allergy),neutrophilsmayactasprimaryorsecondaryeffectorsofimmunereactions.InthepresenceofcirculatingICs,neutrophilscanindeedgetstimulateddirectlyinthebloodstreamandtriggeranimmuneresponse.Upondepositionofantibodycomplexesinsideoftissues,neutrophilsarefirstrecruitedandprimedbeforebeinghighlyactivatedtoamplifytheongoinginflammation.Thisreviewfocusesontheengagement,activation,andresponsesofneutrophilstoantibodyICs,insideoftissuesorinthevasculature...

[学科分类] 生理学

[关键词] Fc receptors;inflammation;allergy;autoimmunity;IgG immune complexes