СИНДРОМ ОБСТРУКТИВНОГО АПНОЭ ВО СНЕ И ПРОГНОЗ ЗРИТЕЛЬНЫХ ФУНКЦИЙ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ОККЛЮЗИЯМИ ВЕН СЕТЧАТКИ

[摘要] Purpose.To study the prevalence of sleep apnea in patients with retinal vein occlusions (RVO), characteristics of the patients with and without sleep apnea, as well as the interaction of apneahypopnea index (AHI) and other factors with visual functions during the follow-up. Material and methods.The study included 45 patients (22 female, 23 male), mean age ±SD 60.8±12.7 years. The central RVO was observed in 27 patients, RVO of its branch – in 18 patients. The standard and specialized ophthalmological examinations were conducted, as well as diagnosing breathing disorders associated with sleep and the study of blood clotting and fibrinolysis factors. Ischemic type of RVO was diagnosed in 4 patients with central RVO. The achievement of the «targeted visual acuity» (TVA) was assessed as VA=0.7-1.0 to analyze the effect of various factors on the visual prognosis in different time intervals (1, 3, 6 months). Results.Sleep apnea was diagnosed in 68.9% of the patients with the RVO. Patients without sleep apnea had a significantly higher VA (р<0.05) within the entire follow-up compared to patients with sleep apnea. The AHI was statistically significant correlated with the initial VA and the TVA achievement. The AHI correlation with the presence of arterial hypertension, body mass index and concentration of plasminogen activator inhibitor (р<0.05) was also revealed. Conclusions.The prevalence of sleep apnea was substantially higher in patients with RVO compared to the general population. The presence of sleep apnea affected the baseline VA and the prognosis of visual functions. The severity of sleep apnea significantly correlated with the “conventional” thrombosis risk factors in patients with RVO.

[学科分类] 眼科学

[关键词] sleep apnea;retinal vein occlusion;visual functions prognosis;синдром ночного апноэ;окклюзии вен сетчатки;прогноз зрительных функций