床旁盲插鼻肠管在重症患者肠内营养中的应用及护理

[摘要] Abstract：Objective To investigate the application value of bedside blind placement of nasal-intestinal tube in enteral nutrition support for critically ill patients, and to summarize the main points of nursing management. Methods 〓Totally 160 critical patients admitted to ICU were selected as study subjects. According to different nutritional support methods, they were divided into the nasogastric tube group(n=80)and the nasal-intestinal tube group(n=80, by bedside blind placement). Levels of serum transferrin(TF), prealbumin(PA)and albumin(ALB)were detected on the 1st and 14th day after admission. The incidence of abdominal distension and diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, regurgitation and aspiration and pulmonary infection in the two groups was observed and recorded. The duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay and the readmission rate in ICU within 30 days were statistically analyzed. Results 〓Levels of PA and TF in the nasal-intestinal tube group were significantly higher than those in the nasogastric tube group on the 14th day after admission(P<0.05). The incidence of reflux, aspiration and pulmonary infection in the nasal-intestinal tube group were significantly lower than those in the nasogastric tube group(15.00%, 22.50% vs 53.75%, 48.75%)(P<0.05). The duration of mechanical ventilation and length of ICU stay of the nasal-intestinal tube group were shorter than those of the nasogastric tube group(P<0.05), and the readmission rate of in ICU within 30 days was significantly lower than that in the nasogastric tube group(P<0.05). Conclusion 〓The enteral nutrition support by bedside blind placement of nasal-intestinal tube can effectively improve the nutritional indexes in critical patients, and nursing interventions on nasal-intestinal tube can reduce the risk of regurgitation, aspiration and pulmonary infection.

[学科分类] 护理学

[关键词] 盲插法;鼻肠管;肠内营养;鼻胃管