慢性肾脏病5期血液透析合并感染的临床分析与护理对策

[摘要] Abstract：Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of stage 5 chronic kidney disease(CKD)patients with infection during hemodialysis, and to investigate potential risk factors and related nursing countermeasures. Methods To retrospectively collected the nutrition status, immunologic function, primary disease of 80 stage 5 chronic kidney disease patients with hemodialysis treatment. Patients were assigned to the infection group(n=40)and Non-infection group(n=40)according to the occurrence of infection during hemodialysis. The common site of infection and bacterial culture result of those with infection were analyzed. Results  Patients in the infection group had lower level of serum albumin(ALB)and hemoglobin(Hb), higher level of serum creatinine(Scr)and C-reactive protein(CRP)compared with those in the Non-infection group(P<0.05). In those patients with infection, chronic glomerulonephritis were most common primary disease, followed by type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertensive kidney lesion. The pulmonary infection and blood related infection was two main infection sites. The bacterial culture result showed the gram-negative bacterium as main pathogenic bacteria. Conclusion  It is necessary to carry out nursing measures on anemia correction, nutrition support, blood glucose control, environment of hemodialysis room, in order to reduce the risk of infection in stage 5 CKD patients during hemodialysis.

[学科分类] 护理学

[关键词] 慢性肾脏病;血液透析;感染;护理对策;糖尿病