A Dissociation Between Visual Strategy Use and Accuracy after Perceptual Expertise Training

[摘要] A perceptual expert is skilled at observing, identifying, and distinguishing between items within their domain of expertise. Previous research examining perceptual expertise with birds (Scott et al., 2006) and cars (Scott et al., 2008) suggests that subordinate-level training improves perceptual discrimination over basic-level training. However, it was previously unclear whether changes in accuracy were accompanied by changes in visual strategy use. To answer this question, adults (n= 32) received 9 hours of training with 2 families of computer-generated objects over a 2-3 week period. Each family included 10 unique species (labeled "A" through "J") each containing 12 exemplars. Within subjects, one family was trained at the subordinate level and the other family was trained at the basic-level. Stimulus features, including color and spatial frequency, were also manipulated to assess the impact of these factors on posttest discrimination. Pre- and posttest assessments included eye-tracking and accuracy (d') during a serial image discrimination task. Consistent with previous reports (Scott et al., 2006; 2008), accuracy (d') increased from pretest to posttest for the subordinate trained family but not for the basic trained family (See Figure 1, top left). Eye-tracking results suggest that although training did not change overall dwell time, the average fixation duration increased and the number of fixations decreased from pretest to posttest (Figure 1). These changes in visual strategies were unrelated to the level of training and the image manipulations did not impact these results. Improvements in perceptual discrimination replicate previous expertise training results. Although behavior is differentially impacted by subordinate versus basic level training, the eye tracking analyses suggest that changes in visual strategies do not differ based on level of training.

[学科分类] 眼科学