Facile synthesis and characterization of rough surface V$_2$O$_5$ nanomaterials for pseudo-supercapacitor electrode material with high capacitance

[摘要] V$_2$O$_5$ nanomaterials with rough surface were synthesized using commercial V$_2$O$_5$, ethanol (EtOH) and H$_2$O as the starting materials by a simple hydrothermal route and combination of calcination. The electrochemical properties ofV$_2$O$_5$ nanomaterials as electrodes in a supercapacitor device were measured using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) method. V$_2$O$_5$ nanomaterials exhibit the specific capacitance of 423 F g$^{−1}$ at the current density of 0.5 A g$^{−1}$ and retain 327 F g$^{−1}$ even at the high current density of 10 A g$^{−1}$. The influence of the ratio of EtOH/H$_2$O, the calcined time and temperature on the morphology, purity and electrochemical property of the products is discussed in detail. The results revealed that the ratio of EtOH/H$_2$O $=$ 10/25 and calcination at 400$^{\circ}$C for 2–4 h are favourable for preparing V$_2$O$_5$ nanomaterials and they exhibited the best electrochemical property. The novel morphology and high specific surface area are the main factors that contribute to high electrochemical performance of V$_2$O$_5$ nanomaterials during the charge–discharge processes. It turns out that V$_2$O$_5$ nanomaterials with rough surface is an ideal material for supercapacitor electrode in the present work.

[学科分类] 材料工程

[关键词] V$_2$O$_5$;nanomaterials;electrical properties;supercapacitor.