Neutrophil homeostasis and inflammation: novel paradigms from studying periodontitis

[摘要] Onceviewedassimplyantibacterialeffectorcellspackedwithantimicrobials,neutrophilsarenowincreasinglyappreciatedfortheirregulatoryrolesinimmunityandinflammation.Thehomeostaticregulationofneutrophilsisthuscrucialforoptimaloperationoftheimmunesystem.Anattractivemodeltounderstandmechanisticallytheroleofneutrophilsisperiodontitis,anoralinflammatorydiseasethatisparticularlysensitivetoneutrophilalterationsinnumbersorfunction.Therecruitmentandproperactivationofneutrophilsarelargelydependentonleukocyteintegrinsandcomplement.Thisreviewdiscusseshowtheseprocessesareaffectedbyhostgeneticormicrobialfactorsleadingtothedevelopmentofperiodontitis.Forinstance,bothhypo‐andhyper‐recruitmentofneutrophilsasaresultofdeficienciesintheexpressionofβ2integrinsortheirnegativeregulators,respectively,causesunwarrantedIL‐17‐dependentinflammatoryboneloss.Moreover,microbialhijackingofC5aR(CD88)signalinginneutrophilsimpairstheirantimicrobialfunctionwhilepromotingdestructiveinflammatoryresponses.Thesestudiesnotonlysupporttheconceptthatneutrophilhomeostasisiskeytoperiodontalhealthbutalsorevealpromising,newtherapeutictargetsasdiscussedinthereview...

[学科分类] 生理学

[关键词] leukocyte adhesion deficiency;integrins;Del‐1;complement;IL‐17