Planning and Operation Framework of Smart Distributed Energy Resources in Emerging Distribution Systems

[摘要] Smart grid technologies provoke a major paradigm shift in how power systems are plannedand operated. The transition to a smarter system is happening gradually; however, researchers has reported that this transitionis dealt with generally in a ;;react and provide;;manner. Proper planning studies allow for this transition to be done in a predict and provide;; fashion. Part of planning thistransition is envisioning the future system. Technical, social, environmental, and economical challenges are foreseen and tackledin the literature; however, no generalized planning framework that addresses the overall picture of different involved parties'interests and their anticipated (and often conflicting) interactions to properly plan for a better and fair outcome has beendeveloped. This work addresses the issue in several steps: 1) it provides a backbone framework architecture for asset sizing andallocation in the future Smart Distribution System (SDS), 2) it considers the daily optimal operation of these assets in thelong-term planning problem, and 3) it considers the potential conflicts that happen on the long-term planning level andoperational levels. This architecture requires the development of a framework capable of absorbing private investments,integrating new technologies, promoting smart grid applications, and yet remaining feasible to all involved parties. Strategicanalysis of the involvement of each stakeholder has been conducted. Proceeding from this analysis, deductions and conclusionsabout venues for promoting and allowing a smoother transition to the new paradigm are drawn. In addition, this analysishighlighted potential conflicts that are showcased in two different case studies. Potential ways in which the conditions affectthe planning procedure and how they can be overcome are proposed. The recommendations can be highlighted as follows: 1) promotingnew smart grid technologies, 2) encouraging communications and cooperation between involved parties, 3) considering daily optimaloperation of assets to fully take advantage of their new active nature to better allocate them in the long-term planning problem,and 4) consideration of stakeholders interests in the planning phase in order to better absorb investments and move to the newparadigm. To size and allocate assets in the long-term planning problem for the SDS, first a building algorithm has beendeveloped to size and allocate DG units. This algorithm breaks the problem into two subproblems to overcome the modeling andcomputational challenges of the mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem. The first subproblem is addressed using heuristicoptimization techniques, namely a genetic algorithm, and the second involving deterministic analytical means of nonlinearoptimization, utilizing the advancements made in branch-and-bound methods providing a proven global optimal solution tonon-convex problems. Considering the daily optimal operation and both electric utilities' and investors' objectives, the planningproblem has been developed. The results show greater private investments absorption, reduced costs to both parties, and highersystem performance due to lowered energy losses. The expected increased numbers of customers opting to become resilient and havea more reliable service pose several operational and planning challenges. In this work, a novel consensus-based algorithm isintroduced as an economically efficient tool for coordinating prosumers' interactions, within the feasible solution region.Several objectives are targeted in this work, among which the global economic benefit maximization of all interacting prosumersis the most salient. This economic benefit comprises the total cooperative payoff of the interacting prosumers. Each prosumer hasits own private bounds defining the range of power production and consumption. A novel definition is proposed for prosumers'interaction in the hybrid microgrids. The developed scheme's importance stems from the dramatic change in the smart networks'paradigms. In addition, the individual prosumers' preferences are recognized via the comprehensive mathematical modeling for theevolved AC/DC network. The results are provided for a basic two-prosumer scenario. However, these results highlight the potentialof the proposed approach in a practical system setting. More sophisticated case studies, i.e., multi-power levels,multi-prosumers, and different system topologies, could be also studied using the proposed work.

[发布机构] University of Waterloo

[效力级别] Operation

[关键词] Transmission;Electric;Operation;Smart;Doctoral Thesis;System;Generation;Energy;Distributed;Distribution;Emerging;Planning;Resources;Framework;Power