Moral Encroachment

[摘要] Can practical factors influence a subject;;s position to know? Traditionally this question has been answered in the negative. A subject;;s position to know proposition p is not thought to improve merely because the subject wants to know p or has certain practical stakes depend on whether p. Appealing to these wants and practical interests while defending a claim to know is thought to be epistemically inappropriate.We argue, to the contrary, that practical factors can influence (i.e. encroach upon) a subject;;s position to know and can do so in an epistemically appropriate way. The argument we provide is relatively straightforward. We claim that knowledge of a certain set of propositions requires a prior action taken on behalf of the subject. This prior action can be influenced by practical factors and thus practical factors can influence a subject;;s position to know. Furthermore, we argue that such a move can be epistemically appropriate if it arises in an instance when the evidence and arguments favoring belief -- at least from the subject;;s own point of view -- are inconclusive. We conclude with an argument that the provided account offers a new framework to defend moral encroachment. The prior action taken on behalf of a subject, when it is both practically influenced and is epistemically appropriate, can be interpreted as a moral action.

[发布机构] University of Waterloo

[效力级别] moral encroachment

[关键词] pragmatic encroachment;moral encroachment;Philosophy