Performance Criteria for Capture and/or Immobilization Technologies

[摘要] The capture and subsequent immobilization of the four volatile radionuclides (³H, ¹⁴C, ⁸⁵Kr, and ¹²⁹I) from the off-gas streams of a used nuclear fuel reprocessing facility has been a topic of substantial research interest for the US DOE and international colleagues. Regulations set forth by the US EPA direct that some or all of these radionuclides (based upon fuel burnup, fuel type, cooling time, etc.) will require removal, to some extent, from the plant effluent streams prior to discharge to the environment. Upon removal, the radionuclide, as well as any associated sorbent, is destined for waste. Research of separation and capture methodologies has included a wide range of technologies including liquid caustic scrubbing systems, solid adsorbents, and cryogenic distillation. The studies of waste forms have been correspondingly diverse. In considering the technologies available for future development and implementation of both sorbents and waste forms, it will be necessary to use benchmarked measures of performance to objectively evaluate each sorbent system or waste form. This document is intended to provide initial guidance on the types of performance criteria for capture materials and waste forms intended for use in the recycling removal and disposal of UNF and, where possible, the minimum acceptable values for those criteria.

[发布日期] 2016-02-01

[学科分类] 核能源与工程

[关键词] WASTE FORMS;SPENT FUELS;CARBON 14;IODINE 129;KRYPTON 85;TRITIUM;PERFORMANCE;REMOVAL;DISTILLATION;FUEL REPROCESSING PLANTS;ADSORBENTS;SCRUBBING;GASEOUS WASTES;OFF-GAS SYSTEMS gaseous fission products