Suggestions for intensive livestock-based smallholder systems in semi-arid areas of Tanzania
[摘要] Smallholdersystemsbasedoncropgrowingcombinedwithstall-fedimproveddairycowsorgoatshavebeensuccessfullydevelopedinthehigh-potentialareasofEastAfrica,andwithcertainmodificationscouldbeadaptedtothesemi-aridregions.Asincreasingpopulationpressureresultsinprogressivelysmalleragriculturalholdings,andtraditionalgrazingareasaretakenoverforcropgrowing,theintroductionofmoreproductiveintegratedintensivesystemsisimperativeiftotalecologicalandsocialcollapseasaresultoflanddegradationistobeavoidedinthesemi-aridareas.Maximumsustainableproductivitycanonlybeachievedbyintegratingintensivelivestockkeepingwithcropproductionandagroforestry.Dryseasonfoddersupplyisthemostlimitingfactorforlivestockproductivityinsemi-aridareas,buttheproblemcanbesolvedbyacombinationofconservedgrassesandlegumes,leavesandpodsfromtreesorbushesandcropbyproductsandhouseholdwaste.Theintegrationofzero-grazedimproveddairycowsandsmalllivestockintosmallholdersystemsresultsinincreasedavaila-bilityofmilk,meatandotheranimalproducts,improvedsoilfertility,andremovaloftheriskofsoilerosionasaresultofovergrazing.Onedisadvantageofsuchsystems,however,istheincreasedrequirementforlabour,althoughthiscouldbereducedbytheuseofpairsofcowsordonkeysforploughing.
[发布日期] [发布机构]
[效力级别] [学科分类] 农业科学（综合）
[关键词] [时效性]
