Omega-3 Fatty Acids Reduce Hyperlipidaemia, Hyperinsulinaemia and Hypertension in Cardiovascular Patients

[摘要] Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and frequently with insulin resistance, which in general are not alleviated by antilipidaemic drugs. Our objective was to examine whether a supplemented diet containing eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs), in addition to lecithin, extracts of rosemary and curcumin (n-3 FAs + supplements), can reduce the levels of serum lipids, insulin and hypertension in documented CVD patients (pts) treated by statins and/or bezafibrates.In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of parallel design, 78 pts, age 69.7 ± 4.1 years treated by antilipidaemic drugs, were randomly assigned to receive daily 7 g of the n-3 FAs + supplements in a form of a bread spread (Yamega Ltd, Israel) or analogous spread made of olive oil as placebo. The participants were recommended to reduce the consumption of omega-6 fatty acids for 12 weeks. The average values ± SD before and after dietary supplementation were compared.62 pts (34 in the n-3 FAs + supplements group and 28 in the control group) completed the study. In the n-3 FAs + supplements group we observed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) of total serum cholesterol (17.2 %), LDL-cholesterol (16.2 %), triglycerides (39.6 %), and insulin (35.2 %) in the hyperinsulinaemic subjects (> 20 microunits/ml). Hypertension (> 140/90 mmHg) which was positively correlated to hyperinsulinaemia, decreased significantly especially in the systolic blood pressure. No significant changes in HDL-cholesterol and glucose were observed. In the placebo group we observed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the LDL-cholesterol values of 10.6 % but no significant changes in the other parameters. No side effects were reported during the study in any of the participants. Our findings demonstrate that the incorporation of the dietary supplement containing EPA and DHA omega-3 FAs supplemented with lecithin, rosemary and curcumin can reduce significantly the risk factors for CVD.

[学科分类] 心脏病和心血管学

[关键词] Hyperinsulinämie;Hyperlipidämie;Hypertonie;Kardiologie;Omega-3-Fettsäure;cardiovascular disease;hyperinsulinaemia;hyperlipidaemia;hypertension;omega-3 fatty acid