Accessing the Access

[摘要] In Canada and the United States, the incident use of an arteriovenous fistula is 16% and 14% and the prevalent use of fistula is 44% and 55%, respectively (1,2). The fistula is considered the vascular access of choice for patients with ESRD because of its decreased risk for complications, including infection and radiologic and surgical interventions, once the access has matured (3). However, there remain significant challenges with fistula hemodialysis access, such as high primary failure rates, hematomas, aneurysms, and patient concerns about pain with needling the fistula (4–6).

[学科分类] 泌尿医学

[关键词] Bone marrow necrosis;Sickle cell disease;Hyperhemolysis syndrome