At the Bedside: The emergence of group 2 innate lymphoid cells in human disease

[摘要] ILC2shavebeenprimarilyidentifiedatenvironmental‐mucosalinterfacesandcanbeactivatedquicklybyenvironmentalantigensandpathogenstoproducelargequantitiesofIL‐5andIL‐13.Asaresultoftheproductionofthesecytokines,ILC2shavebeenimplicatedinthehostresponsetoallergens,viruses,andparasites.However,theexactroleofILC2sinanyhumandiseasestateispresentlyunknown,asspecificallyeliminatingthesecellsisnotpossible,giventhatpotentiallytargetablecell‐surfacemarkersaresharedwithotherimmunecells.Likewise,selectivelyandcompletelyinhibitingILC2activationisalsonotcurrentlypossible,asseveralactivatingcytokines,IL‐25,IL‐33,andTSLP,actinredundancyorarenotspecificforILC2stimulation.Therefore,atthispoint,wecanonlyidentifytherelativeabundanceofILC2sinorgansandtissueidentifiedasbeinginvolvedinspecificdiseases,andthecontributionofILC2sinhumandiseasecanonlybeinferredfrommousestudies.Giventheselimitations,inthisarticle,wewillreviewthestudiesthathaveexaminedthepresenceofILC2sinhumandiseasestatesandspeculateontheirpossibleroleindiseasepathogenesis.Theintentofthereviewistoidentifypriorityareasforbasicresearchbasedonclinicalresearchinsights...

[学科分类] 生理学

[关键词] ILC2;IL‐5;IL‐13